第9章 THE SUBMERGED TENTH.(3)(1 / 3)

PAUPERS

Inmates of Workhouses,Asylums,and Hospitals .17,00034,00051,000HOMELESS

Loafers,Casuals,and some Criminals .11,00022,00033,000STARVING Casual earnings between 18s.per week and chronic want 100,000200,000300,000THE VERY POOR.

Intermittent earnings 18s.to 21s.per week .74,000148,000222,000Small regular earnings 18s.to 21s.per week .129,000258,000387,000.

331,000662,000993,000

Regular wages,artizans,etc.,22s.to 30s.per week .337,000Higher class labour,30s.to 50s.per week .121,000Lower middle class,shopkeepers,clerks,etc.34,000Upper middle class (servant keepers).45,000.

908,000

It may be admitted that East London affords an exceptionally bad district from which to generalise for the rest of the country.

Wages are higher in London than elsewhere,but so is rent,and the number of the homeless and starving is greater in the human warren at the East End.There are 31millions of people in Great Britain,exclusive of Ireland.If destitution existed everywhere in East London proportions,there would be 31times as many homeless and starving people as there are in the district round Bethnal Green.

But let us suppose that the East London rate is double the average for the rest of the country.That would bring out the following figures:

HOUSELESS

East London.United Kingdom.

Loafers,Casuals,and some Criminals 11,000165,500STARVING

Casual earnings or chronic want .100,0001,550,000Total Houseless and Starving .111,0001,715,500In Workhouses,Asylums,&c.17,000190,000.

128,0001,905,500

Of those returned as homeless and starving,870,000were in receipt of outdoor relief.To these must be added the inmates of our prisons.