As indicated above， the exemption from pecuniary stress has been carried farther in the case of the leisure-class women of the advanced industrial communities than in that of any other considerable group of persons. The women may therefore be expected to show a more pronounced reversion to a non-invidious temperament than the men. But there is also among men of the leisure class a perceptible increase in the range and scope of activities that proceed from aptitudes which are not to be classed as self-regarding， and the end of which is not an invidious distinction. So， for instance， the greater number of men who have to do with industry in the way of pecuniarily managing an enterprise take some interest and some pride in seeing that the work is well done and is industrially effective， and this even apart from the profit which may result from any improvement of this kind. The efforts of commercial clubs and manufacturers' organizations in this direction of non-invidious advancement of industrial efficiency are also well know.
The tendency to some other than an invidious purpose in life has worked out in a multitude of organizations， the purpose of which is some work of charity or of social amelioration. These organizations are often of a quasi-religious or pseudo-religious character， and are participated in by both men and women.
Examples will present themselves in abundance on reflection， but for the purpose of indicating the range of the propensities in question and of characterizing them， some of the more obvious concrete cases may be cited. Such， for instance， are the agitation for temperance and similar social reforms， for prison reform， for the spread of education， for the suppression of vice， and for the avoidance of war by arbitration， disarmament， or other means； such are， in some measure， university settlements， neighborhood guilds， the various organizations typified by the Young Men's Christian Association and Young People's Society for Christian Endeavor， sewing-clubs， art clubs， and even commercial clubs； such are also， in some slight measure， the pecuniary foundations of semi-public establishments for charity， education， or amusement， whether they are endowed by wealthy individuals or by contributions collected from persons of smaller means -- in so far as these establishments are not of a religious character.