預防勝於治療
預防勝於治療。組織安排好衛生服務，以保證個人、家庭及社會依靠現有的科學技術，恢複、保持和改善人們的健康狀態，是大多數國家的目標。在日常生活中，我們若能掌握一定的醫療保健知識就既能強身健體、美容，又可以預防疾病的發生。
1.Preventive Medicine
預防醫學
預防醫學在某種意義上比醫學更為重要。X光、接種疫苗、荷爾蒙和適當的飲食都可以把疾病殺死在繈褓內，使人免受病魔的折磨，盡情享受生活和工作的樂趣。
(1)Preventive Medicine ——a Brief History
預防醫學簡史
Preventive medicine is efforts directed toward the prevention of disease，either in the community as a whole—— an important part of what is broadly termed public health——or in the individual.
Hippocrates，the Greek physician of the 5th century BC，classified causes of disease into those concerned with seasons，personal causes，such as irregular food，exercise and habits of the individual.Vaccination1 was introduced in 1798.The modern era in preventive medicine opened in the mid-19th century with Louis Pas teur's discovery of the role of living microbes as the cause of infec tions.After 1900 there were many advances.The use of X-rays and radioactive substances2in the diagnosis and treatment of disease (e.g.tuberculosis and cancer)as well as in fundamental physic logical research opened new possibilities.A greater understanding of endocrine3 functions，with the production of prepared hormone extracts such as insulin，led to preventive measures in certain metabolic4diseases.The role of nutrition in health and disease and the isolation of many essential food fact or sillustrated the importance to health of adequate diet.Other 20th-century advances in preventive medicine included a wider recognition of psychological factors in relation to total health，new surgical techniques，new methods of anesthesia5，and genetic research.
注釋：
1.vaccination接種，疫苗
2.radioactive substances放射性物質
3.endocrine內分泌
4.metabolic新陳代謝的
5.anesthesia麻醉
譯文
預防醫學簡史
預防醫學指對疾病的預防，既針對作為整體的社會(廣義稱作公共衛生)，也針對個人。
公元前五世紀的一位醫師希波克拉底將致病的因素分為兩類：一類是季節、氣候和外界環境，另一類是因為個人的因素，如不規律的飲食、鍛煉和習慣等。1790年，接種疫苗發明了。路易斯·潘斯特在19世紀中期發現了細菌是引起感染的原因，開創了現代預防醫學。1900年後，預防醫學突飛猛進，X光和放射性物質應用於某些疾病(如肺結核和癌症)的診斷和治療，也應用於基礎生理學研究，為預防醫學開辟了新天地。對內分泌功能的更深入的了解，胰島素等精製荷爾蒙的生產，促成了一些預防代謝性疾病的措施出現。在健康或病理條件下，充足的營養所扮演的角色和食物中一些必需的元素的缺乏，說明了適當的飲食對健康的重要性。預防醫學在20世紀的其他進步還包括人們更加充分認識到心理因素與總體健康的關係，應用了新的外科技術和新的麻醉方法，對基因進行了研究。