To that new order we oppose the greater conception-the moral order.A good society is able to face schemes of world domination and foreign revolutions alike without fear.
Since the beginning of our American history,we have been engaged in change-in a perpetual peaceful revolution-a revolution which goes on steadily,quietly adjusting itself to changing conditions-without the concentration camp or the quick-lime in the ditch.The world order which we seek is the cooperation of free countries,working together in a friendly,civilized society.
This nation has placed its destiny in the hands and heads and hearts of its millions of free men and women;and its faith in freedom under the guidance of God.Freedom means the supremacy[3]of human rights everywhere.Our support goes to those who struggle to gain those rights or keep them.Our strength is our unity of purpose.
To that high concept there can be no end save victory.
1941年,羅斯福總統在國會發表演說時提出了“四大自由”。其文如下:
在我們力求安定的未來的歲月裏,我們期待一個建立在四項人類基本自由之上的世界。
第一是在全世界任何地方發表言論和表達意見的自由。
第二是在全世界任何地方,人人有以自己的方式來崇拜上帝的自由。
第三是不虞匱乏的自由—這種自由,就世界範圍來講,就是一種經濟上的融洽關係,它將保證全世界每一個國家的居民都過健全的、和平時期的生活。
第四是消除恐懼的自由—這種自由,就世界範圍來講,就是世界性的裁減軍備,要以一種徹底的方法把它裁減到這樣的程度:世界上沒有一個國家有能力向全世界任何地區的任何鄰國進行武力侵略。
這並不是對一個渺茫的黃金時代的憧憬,而是我們這個時代和我們這一代人可以實現的一種世界的堅實基礎。這個世界和獨裁者想用炸彈爆炸來製造的所謂“新秩序”的暴政是截然相反的。
對於他們那個新秩序,我們是以一種偉大的觀念—道德秩序來與之相對抗的。一個優越的社會,是可以同樣毫無畏懼地麵對各種征服世界和在國外製造革命的陰謀的。
自美國建國以來,我們一直在從事改革—一種永久性的和平革命—一種連續不斷而靜悄悄地適應環境變化的革命—並不需要任何集中營或萬人塚。我們所追求的世界秩序,是自由國家間的合作以及在友好、文明的社會裏共同努力。
這個國家,已把它的命運交到千百萬自由男女的手裏、腦裏和心裏;把它對於自由的信仰交由上帝指引。自由意味著在任何地方人權都是至高無上的。凡是為了取得或保持這種權利而鬥爭的人,我們都予以支持。我們的力量來自我們的一致目標。
為了實現這一崇高的觀念,我們是不獲全勝絕不罷休的。
[1]worship vt.崇拜;尊崇
[2]armament n.武器裝備
[3]supremacy n.至高,無上;最高權
3.Operation Overlord—The Normandy Landings 霸王行動——諾曼底登陸
The lnvasion of Normandy was the invasion and establishment of Allied forces in Normandy,France,during Operation Overlord in World War ll.It was the largest amphibious operation in history.The first invasion was from the initial landings on 6 June 1944,until the time of the Allied breakout in late July.
Allied land forces that saw combat in Normandy on 6 June came from Canada,the Free French Forces,the United Kingdom,and the United States.In the weeks following the invasion,Polish forces also participated,as well as contingents from Belgium,Czechoslovakia,Greece,and the Netherlands.Most of the above countries also provided air and naval support,as did the Royal Australian Air Force,the Royal New Zealand Air Force,and the Royal Norwegian Navy.
The Normandy invasion began with overnight parachute and glider landings,massive air attacks and naval bombardments.In the early morning,amphibious landings on five beaches codenamed Juno,Gold,Omaha,Utah,and Sword began and during the evening the remaining elements of the parachute divisions landed.The“D-Day”forces deployed from bases along the south coast of England,the most important of these being Portsmouth.
諾曼底登陸行動是盟軍在第二次世界大戰期間在法國諾曼底進行的戰役,代號“霸王”。這是曆史上最大的兩棲登陸作戰。最初的行動於1944年6月6日開始,直到盟軍在7月底解放巴黎。
1944年6月6日在諾曼底作戰的盟軍地麵部隊主要來自於加拿大、法國、英國和美國。在戰役開始後的幾個星期,波蘭、比利時、捷克斯洛伐克、希臘和荷蘭的部隊也參與戰鬥。大部分國家也提供空軍和海軍的支援,例如澳大利亞皇家空軍,皇家新西蘭空軍和挪威皇家海軍。
諾曼底登陸開始時,傘兵和滑翔機在一夜之間降落,同時開始了大規模的空襲和炮擊。在清晨,盟軍開辟了“朱諾”“黃金”“奧馬哈”“猶他”和“劍”的五個登陸灘頭,在夜間,傘兵部隊降落在登錄區。代號為“D日”的部隊沿英國南部海岸部署基地,這是來自樸茨茅斯的最重要的部隊。
4.The Deal between Big Countries—The Yalta Conference 大國交易——雅爾塔會議
The Yalta Conference,sometimes called the Crimea Conference,held on the February 4-11,1945,was the wartime meeting of the heads of government of the United States,the United Kingdom,and the Soviet Union,represented by President Franklin D.Roosevelt,Prime Minister Winston Churchill,and General Secretary Joseph Stalin,respectively—for the purpose of discussing Europe\\u0027s post-war reorganization.Mainly,it was intended to discuss the re-establishment of the nations of war-torn Europe.
The conference convened in the Livadia Palace near Yalta,the Crimea.It was the second of three wartime conferences among the Big Three(Churchill,Roosevelt,and Stalin).It had been preceded by the Tehran Conference in 1943,and it was followed by the Potsdam Conference,which Harry S Truman attended in place of the Roosevelt.