司馬遷忍辱著史書
司sī馬mǎ遷qiān，西xī漢hàn史shǐ學xué家jiā、文wén學xué家jiā、思sī想xiǎng家jiā，字zì子zǐ長cháng，是shì史shǐ學xué家jiā司sī馬mǎ談tán的de兒ér子zi。
司sī馬mǎ遷qiān獲huò罪zuì入rù獄yù是shì因yīn為wèi觸chù犯fàn了le漢hàn武wǔ帝dì：李lǐ廣guǎng的de孫sūn子zi李lǐ陵líng當dāng時shí擔dān任rèn騎qí都dū尉wèi，率shuài領lǐng5000人rén馬mǎ和hé匈xiōng奴nú打dǎ仗zhàng，結jié果guǒ被bèi單chán於yú率shuài領lǐng的de3萬wàn騎qí兵bīng團tuán團tuán圍wéi困kùn住zhù。
盡jǐn管guǎn李lǐ陵líng和hé士shì兵bīng們men奮fèn勇yǒng戰zhàn鬥dòu，殺shā了le五wǔ六liù千qiān名míng匈xiōng奴nú騎qí兵bīng，但dàn終zhōng因yīn寡guǎ不bù敵dí眾zhòng而ér失shī敗bài。李lǐ陵líng被bèi俘fú而ér降xiáng。
李lǐ陵líng投tóu降xiáng匈xiōng奴nú的de消xiāo息xi震zhèn動dòng了le朝cháo廷tíng。漢hàn武wǔ帝dì把bǎ李lǐ陵líng的de母mǔ親qīn和hé妻qī兒ér都dōu下xià了le監jiān獄yù，並bìng且qiě召zhào集jí大dà臣chén，要yào他tā們men議yì一yí議yì李lǐ陵líng的de罪zuì行xíng。大dà臣chén們men都dōu譴qiǎn責zé李lǐ陵líng不bù該gāi貪tān生shēng怕pà死sǐ，向xiàng匈xiōng奴nú投tóu降xiáng。漢hàn武wǔ帝dì問wèn太tài史shǐ令lìng司sī馬mǎ遷qiān，想xiǎng聽tīng聽ting他tā的de意yì見jian。
司sī馬mǎ遷qiān說shuō：“李lǐ陵líng帶dài去qù的de步bù兵bīng不bù滿mǎn5000人rén。但dàn他tā深shēn入rù到dào敵dí人rén的de腹fù地dì，打dǎ擊jī了le幾jǐ萬wàn敵dí人rén。李lǐ陵líng不bù肯kěn馬mǎ上shàng去qu死sǐ，一yí定dìng是shì想xiǎng將jiāng功gōng贖shú罪zuì來lái報bào答dá皇huáng上shang。”
司sī馬mǎ遷qiān平píng時shí與yǔ李lǐ陵líng並bìng沒méi有yǒu私sī交jiāo，隻zhǐ是shì實shí話huà實shí說shuō。而ér漢hàn武wǔ帝dì聽tīng了le勃bó然rán大dà怒nù，說shuō：“你nǐ這zhè樣yàng替tì投tóu降xiáng敵dí人rén的de人rén強qiǎng辯biàn，不bú是shì存cún心xīn反fǎn對duì朝cháo廷tíng嗎ma？”