特別“效應”來襲
潮爆新語
Urban Heat Island Effect 城市熱島效應
Meaning: This phenomenon is when a metropolitan area is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities.
城市熱島效應是指城市中的氣溫明顯高於外圍郊區的現象。在近地麵溫度圖上,郊區氣溫變化很小,而城區則是一個高溫區,就像突出海麵的島嶼,由於這種島嶼代表高溫的城市區域,所以就被形象地稱為城市熱島。
With the city development, urban heat island effect becomes more and more severe.
隨著城市的發展,城市熱島效應越來越嚴重了。
Butterfly Effect 蝴蝶效應
Meaning: In chaos theory, the butterfly effect is the sensitive dependence on initial conditions, where a small change at one place in a deterministic nonlinear system can result in large differences to a later state.
蝴蝶在熱帶輕輕扇動一下翅膀,遙遠的國家就可能造成一場颶風。蝴蝶效應是指在一個動力係統中,初始條件下微小的變化能帶動整個係統的長期的巨大的連鎖反應。這通常用於天氣、股票市場等在一定時段難以預測的比較複雜的係統中。此效應說明,事物發展的結果,對初始條件具有極為敏感的依賴性,初始條件的極小偏差,將會引起結果的極大差異。而蝴蝶效應在社會學界用來說明:一個壞的微小的機製,如果不加以及時地引導、調節,會給社會帶來非常大的危害,被戲稱為“龍卷風”或“風暴”;一個好的微小的機製,隻要正確指引,經過一段時間的努力,將會產生轟動效應,或稱為“革命”。
Today, we realize, perhaps more than ever, that the world of human activity also has its own “butterfly effect” for better or for worse.
今天,我們也許比以往更清楚地認識到,人類活動的世界,無論是好是壞,也有自己的“蝴蝶效應”。
Lipstick Effect 口紅效應
Meaning: The lipstick effect is the theory that when facing an economic crisis consumers will be more willing to buy less costly luxury goods.