正文 英語專四詞彙語法新試題解析(1 / 3)

英語專四詞彙語法新試題解析

題型研究

作者:洪令凱

摘 要: 本文通過對2008年至2011年的英語專業四級考試詞彙語法試題中新題型的解析,指出專四考試命題的新趨勢,探討學生失分的各種原因,同時提出具體的教學備考策略。

關鍵詞: 英語專業四級考試 詞彙語法 試題解析 備考策略

一、引言

英語專業四級考試(TEM-4)是全國高等院校英語專業基礎階段的考試,是高等學校外語專業教學指導委員會主持實施的全國性考試。

根據《高校英語專業四級考試大綱》,TEM-4考試涵蓋六大部分:聽寫、聽力理解、完形填空、語法與詞彙、閱讀理解和寫作。雖然委員會在2004年對考試大綱作了修訂,但在詞彙和語法方麵沒有做出太大改變。詞彙和語法共30題(原則上語法15題,詞彙15題),總分15分,考試時間為15分鍾。語法考點主要包括名詞、限定詞、代詞、從句及其他;詞彙量要求5500~6000詞,重點考查異形近義詞、異形異義詞、近形異義詞各種詞的搭配及習慣表達,多項選擇是主要的考查形式,即在所給的四個選項中選擇一個正確答案。這就要求出題者應注意每一選擇題隻能給予一個正確答案。然而,近年來英語專業四級考題,尤其是詞彙語法部分的考題多受詬病,原因在於多次出現一道題有兩個正確答案的現象。從2008年開始,筆者發現詞彙語法出題的方式開始發生變化,題目不再是選擇一個答案填入題幹以完成句子,而是將題幹改為一個完整的句子,在選項中直接考查該句子的語法知識點。這種出題方式在一定程度上降低了爭議題目的出現,不失為高明之舉,但是隨之產生了一些新的問題。下麵,筆者將詳細解析自2008年開始到2013年的新出題方式下的考題,希望借此尋找到更有效的備考策略。

二、實例分析

1.Which of the following is INCORRECT? (2008-57)

A. All his lectures were boring.

C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.

B. Half his money was gone.

D. He invited many his friends to the party.

解析:答案為D。考查多個限定詞一起使用時的排序問題。限定詞分為前、中、後,前位:all, both, half; double, twice, one-third等;中位:a, an, the; this, that, these, my, you, his, no等;後位:one, two, three, first, another, last, next, other等。前位限定詞之間和中位限定詞之間相互排斥,也就是說,一個名詞短語中隻可用一個前位限定詞和一個中位限定詞;後位限定詞不互相排斥,如:All the other three black pens belong to me.在本句中,all是前位限定詞,the是中位限定詞,均隻有一個,但是後位限定詞有兩個:other和three。在本題最後一個選項中,his是中位限定詞,many是後位限定詞,所以出現了搭配錯誤。

注:such既可是前位限定詞又可是後位限定詞,如:such a...; no such。

2.What does “He wisely refused to spend his money” mean? (2008-59)

A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.

B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.

C. He was short of money and didn’t want to buy anything.

D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.

解析:答案為A。考查對副詞位置和含義的理解。副詞分程度副詞、頻度副詞、方式副詞、時間副詞、地點副詞和評注性副詞。程度副詞一般放在被修飾的動詞、形容詞或副詞前麵,如:I am very happy to be with you. He speaks English pretty well. 頻度副詞通常放在行為動詞前,如:I often see her walk in the park.方式副詞一般放在動詞後,如:The girl danced beautifully.時間副詞一般放在句首或句尾。地點副詞一般放在句尾,有時也可在句首。評注性副詞一般位於句首,有時也位於句中或句尾,如:Rightly, he refused her offer. 句首,修飾整個句子和主語。He wisely took his friend’s advice.句中,修飾句子和主語。We could see the distant hills clearly. 句尾,修飾謂語動詞。在四個選項中,B和D選項結構雖然有差異,但意思是一樣的,表示“他聰明地拒絕了用自己的錢”,強調拒絕的方式,那麼wisely就可被理解成隻修飾謂語動詞。隻有A選項與原句意義接近,因為原句中的wisely修飾的是整個句子和主語,表示It is wise of him to do...。

3.Which of the following sentences expresses “probability”? (2008-65)

A. You must leave immediately.

B. You must be feeling rather tired.

C. You must be here by eight o’clock.

D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.

解析:答案為B。考查情態動詞must的用法。情態動詞must的常見用法有:(1)當句子主語是說話人本人時,表示說話人的主觀看法或願望,如:I must go to the hospital to visit the patient.我得到醫院去看望病人。We must finish the task today.我們今天得完成這項工作。(2)當句子主語不是說話人本人時,表示命令“必須”(肯定句)、“不許”(否定句),如:You must come home before eight o’clock. Cars mustn’t be parked in front of the door. (3)用於肯定句,表示“揣測”,如:You must be a businessman.你肯定是生意人。(must+狀態動詞,對現在情況表示揣測)Look, she must be crying over there.快看,她肯定在那兒哭。(must+be+行為動詞現在分詞,對現在正在發生的情況表示揣測)It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨天晚上肯定下雨了,因為地麵是濕的。(must+have+過去分詞,對過去所發生的情況表示揣測)。

4.“It seems that she was there at the conference.”,the sentence means that ?搖 ?搖(2009-62)

A. she seems to be there at the conference.

B. she seemed to be there at the conference.

C. she seems to have been there at the conference.

D. she seemed to being there at the conference.

解析:答案為C。考查副詞的用法。題幹中的“it seems that...”用的是一般現在時,表示在說話的這個時候“看來似乎/好像是”;that從句中用的是一般過去時,表示“她出席會議”是過去的事件,整句話表示現在做出對過去某事的判斷。四個選項中,B/D時態不對;A沒有表示“過去”的語法手段,也不對。隻有C語義與題幹中的句子完全一致,選項中的不定式用了完成體,表示過去時間。

5.In “How much do you think he earns?”,how much is ?搖 ?搖 of the sentence.(2009-64)