正文 臀部帶蒂真皮複合組織瓣在壓瘡修複中的臨床應用價值(1 / 3)

臀部帶蒂真皮複合組織瓣在壓瘡修複中的臨床應用價值

整形美容

作者:黃新靈 周忠誌 熊武等

[摘要]目的:探討臀部深度壓瘡患者應用帶蒂真皮複合組織瓣修複的手術效果及其優勢,為解決壓瘡複發提供新思路。方法:自2012年2月-2014年8月,收住院的深度臀部壓瘡患者38例,44處壓瘡創麵,徹底清除創麵壞死組織後,從鄰位設計皮瓣去掉表皮和大部分真皮,製成真皮瓣,用帶蒂真皮複合組織瓣填充創麵後,再用局部皮瓣或穿支皮瓣覆蓋修複壓瘡創麵。結果:術後隨訪3個月~1年半,所有壓瘡創麵愈合良好,未見複發。結論:真皮瓣具有良好的血供,抗感染能力強,填充消滅死腔的優點,利用帶蒂真皮複合組織瓣填充修複壓瘡創麵,填充效果確實可靠,局部創傷小,術後複發率低,是修複臀部壓瘡的理想方法。

[關鍵詞]壓瘡;帶蒂真皮瓣;創麵修複;局部皮瓣;手術

[中圖分類號]R622 [文獻標誌碼]A [文章編號]1008-6455(2015)11-0014-04

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects and advantages of the wound repair with pedicled complex dermal tissue flap applied to deep buttocks bedsore patients and to propose new ideas against relapse of bedsore. Methods 38 cases of patients diagnosed as deep buttocks bedsore with 44 bedsore-caused wound surfaces from February 2012 to August 2014 were admitted.After necrotic tissues of the wound surfaces were completely cleared,the flap designed from adjacent skin with epidermis and most dermis removed was made into dermal flap.The wound surfaces of bedsore were padded with pedicled complex dermal tissue flap and covered with local flap or perforator flap. Results According to postoperative follow-ups from six to eighteen months,all of the wound surfaces healed well without any relapse. Conclusion Dermal flap stands out with better blood flow,strong anti-infectious ability and padding to eliminate the dead space.It proves to be an ideal method to use pedicled complex dermal tissue flap to repair the wound surfaces of bedsore,with reliable padding effect,mild local wound and low postoperative relapse rate.

Key words:pressure sore;pedicled dermal flap;wound repair;local flap;operation

壓瘡(壓力性潰瘍)是由於患者長期臥床導致局部組織持續受壓,造成血液循環障礙,發生缺血、缺氧、營養不良而致使受壓軟組織潰爛甚至壞死。據報道全世界每年約有6萬人死於壓瘡合並症[1]。壓瘡多發於無肌肉包裹或肌肉層較薄、缺乏脂肪組織保護又經常受壓的骨隆突處,尤其多發生於腰骶部、股骨大轉子部、坐骨結節部和足跟部。由於長期受壓摩擦,壓瘡往往表現為經久不愈,甚至壓瘡範圍及深度進一步加重,或治愈後複發。傳統的局部皮瓣和臀大肌皮瓣轉移修複壓瘡,為治愈相對表淺的壓瘡提供了一種切實可靠的方法;而對於深度壓瘡,由於其填充效果並不理想,受壓摩擦後易再發[2]。臀部穿支皮瓣修複臀部壓瘡雖有較理想的血供來源,但問題依舊有部分創麵填充效果不佳,壓瘡易複發;有的會因術中損傷穿支血管或者血腫、水腫壓迫穿支血管影響皮瓣成活。2012年以來,筆者在廣泛閱讀文獻的基礎上結合自己的臨床經驗,提出帶蒂真皮複合組織瓣+局部皮瓣或穿支皮瓣修複臀部深度壓瘡,取得良好效果,現報道如下。

1 資料和方法