可吸收珊瑚羥基磷灰石在上頜竇底內提升中的臨床應用
頜麵美容
作者:戴新菊 鍾嫣 沈寧
[摘要]目的:評價使用可吸收珊瑚羥基磷灰石行上頜竇底內提升植骨同期植入種植體的臨床效果。方法:12例上頜後牙缺失患者,上頜竇底剩餘牙槽骨骨量為4~7mm(平均5.08mm),采用牙槽脊頂入路上頜竇底內提升,植入可吸收珊瑚羥基磷灰石,同期植入德國Ankylos種植體12枚,術後6個月行上部結構修複,隨訪12個月。結果:術中無1例上頜竇黏膜破裂,術後局部傷口疼痛和頭痛等2例,鼻腔出血1例,有3枚種植體在骨整合期脫落,脫落5個月後均重新種植成功,12顆種植體平均上頜竇底提升高度為7.36mm(5.4~11.2mm),植骨術後6個月上頜竇底形態均會有明顯的骨改建,成骨效果良好。結論:與開窗式上頜竇外提升相比,上頜竇底內提升植骨手術創傷小,成骨快,可有效解決上頜後部牙槽骨高度嚴重不足的牙種植問題。
[關鍵詞]上頜竇底內提升;牙種植;可吸收珊瑚羥基磷灰石
[中圖分類號]R782.12 [文獻標誌碼]A [文章編號]1008-6455(2015)11-0038-04
Abstract: Objective To evaluate the clinical value of coralline hydroxyapatite for Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation(OSFE) with simultaneous implantation. Methods 12 cases with maxillary posterior tooth loss were underwent Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation(OSFE) with simultaneous implant placement,whose height of residual alveolar bone were 4.0-7.0mm(mean 5.08mm).The coralline hydroxyapatite was inserted into the sinus floor during the procedure.Restoration of upper structure was constructed after 6 months.Follow-up period remained 12 months. Results Twelve implants were inserted in 12 cases,the mean elevated sinus membrane height was 7.36mm(5.4-11.2mm).Three implants failed to osseointegrate and lost within 4 months,these failed cases were reimplanted successfully after 5 months.the main complications were postoperative headache and nasal bleeding,but the symptoms disappeared after antibiotic therapy.The grafting materials inside the floor of sinus was remodeled obviously after 6 months of operation and the Schneiderian membrane was well retained above the implant apex. Conclusion Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation(OSFE)in combination with coralline hydroxyapatite is a less invasive procedure than the lateral window elevation technique.the simultaneous placement of implants using the OSFE is a feasible treatment option for patients with inadequate vertical dimension in the posterior maxillary region.
Key words:osteotome sinus floor elevation;dental implantation;coralline hydroxyapatite
上頜竇內提升技術是解決上頜竇竇底垂直骨量不足的一種極有臨床價值的方法, 臨床上常用的上頜竇底提升方式主要有衝頂式(osteotome technique)上頜竇底提升術又稱內提升術(internal sinus lift)和側壁開窗式(lateral window technique)上頜竇底提升術[1]。上頜竇內提升小於3mm一般不用任何骨移植物,種植體頂端也會有骨組織包繞,內提升超過3mm往往需要植入自體骨或骨替代材料[2],以維持成骨空間,促進骨再生。我科從2009-2014年共有12例(12枚種植體)上頜竇底內提升同期植骨病例,現報道如下。
1 資料和方法
1.1 一般資料
選擇2009年8月-2014年12月在我院口腔頜麵外科就診的上頜後牙缺失患者12例(男6例,女6例),均無上頜竇炎及全身係統性疾病,年齡21~64歲。術前測量剩餘牙槽脊高度(RBH)4.0~7.3mm(平均5.08mm),其中RBH4.0~5.0mm(8枚),5.1~6.0mm(2枚),6.1~7.0mm(2枚);牙位上頜第一磨牙11顆,上頜第二磨牙1顆;其中上頜磨牙單顆缺失10例,上頜第一第二磨牙連續缺失2例;竇底形態深凹型4例,淺凹型5例,平3例。