正文 胃神經鞘瘤臨床病理分析(1 / 3)

胃神經鞘瘤臨床病理分析

病理醫學

作者:孫龍

[摘要] 目的 探討胃神經鞘瘤的病理特點、診斷要點、免疫組化、鑒別診斷及臨床特征。 方法 收集啟東市人民醫院2012年1月~2015年6月收治並經病理證實的2例胃神經鞘瘤,分析其臨床表現、病理特征、免疫組化及鑒別診斷。 結果 2例均手術後病理證實,均為良性,術後隨訪36個月,無複發及轉移,腫瘤大體上境界清楚,但無明顯包膜,鏡下主要由梭形細胞組成,排列成索條狀、束帶狀結構,局灶細胞核呈柵欄狀排列,柵行間為無核區,其餘細胞形態各異,呈短梭形、星形或多邊形,排列稀疏,細胞間間隙較大,呈水腫樣或黏液樣。免疫組化S-100陽性,Vimentin陽性,CD117陰性,CD34陰性,Desmin陰性,SMA陰性,AE1/AE3陰性。 結論 胃神經鞘瘤是良性梭形細胞腫瘤,診斷需結合大體表現、鏡下特點及免疫組化,S-100陽性是確診的有力依據,同時應作好鑒別診斷。

[關鍵詞] 胃神經鞘瘤;病理;免疫組化;鑒別診斷;預後

[中圖分類號] R735.2 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 1673-9701(2015)29-0109-03

Clinical pathological analysis of gastric schwannoma

SUN Long

Department of Pathology, Qidong People’s Hospital in Jiangsu Province, Qidong 226200, China

[Abstract] Objective To discuss the pathological features, diagnostic key points, immunohistochemistry, differential diagnosis and clinical features of gastric schwannoma. Methods Two patients diagnosed with gastric schwannoma by pathology who were treated in Qidong People’s Hospital from January 2012 to June 2015 were collected and their clinical manifestations, pathological features, immunohistochemistry and differential diagnosis were analyzed. Results Both patients were confirmed by postoperative pathology with benign tumor. The patients were followed up for 36 months and no recurrence or metastasis occurred. The tumor borders were clear in general, without obvious envelop. The tumors were mainly constituted by fusiform cells under microscope, which arranged as strip-like and band-like structures. Focal cell nuclei presented paliform-like arrange and between the bars was nuclear-free zone. The other cells were in various shapes, presenting short spindle, star or polygon shape, sparse arrange, large intercellular interval, and edema-like or mucoid. Immunohistochemistry showed S-100 positive, Vimentin positive, CD117-negative, CD34-negative, Desmin negative, SMA negative and AE1/AE3 negative. Conclusion Gastric schwannoma is a benign spindle cell tumor, the diagnosis of which needs combining general manifestations, microscopic features and immunohistochemistry. S-100 positive is a powerful evidence of definite diagnosis, and meanwhile, differential diagnosis should be done.

[Key words] Gastric schwannoma; Pathology; Immunohistochemistry; Differential diagnosis; Prognosis

胃神經鞘瘤是較少見的良性梭形細胞腫瘤,在消化係統中,胃是該腫瘤最常見的發生部位[1]。因胃神經鞘瘤病例數較少且其鏡下表現與胃間質瘤相似,術前常難以明確診斷[2]。在實際工作中,胃神經鞘瘤容易被忽視[3],其臨床表現與常見胃病相似,極易誤診[4]。為了能更好地認識這類腫瘤,本研究選擇我院2012年1月~2015年6月收治並經病理確診的胃神經鞘瘤2例,對其臨床病理特點、診斷要點、免疫組化、鑒別診斷及治療、預後等進行分析,現報道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 臨床資料

本組共2例,均為女性,年齡分別為60歲和63歲,術前均有上腹部隱痛、飽脹、納差、噯氣等不適,經檢查發現胃部占位,分別於2012年2月和4月行胃大部切除手術。術後隨訪36個月。

1.2 方法

標本切開經10%中性福爾馬林固定過夜、按照取材規範常規取材,經脫水(70%乙醇2 h 30 min、85%乙醇2 h、95%乙醇3 h、無水乙醇4 h)、透明(二甲苯Ⅰ、Ⅱ分別為30 min、32 min)、浸蠟(石蠟Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ分別為2 h 40 min、2 h 40 min、1 h 30 min),然後包埋切片,切片厚度為4 μm,經蘇木精-伊紅染色法(HE染色法)染色後,顯微鏡下觀察組織學形態。選取腫瘤組織作S-100(鼠抗人單克隆抗體,克隆號:4C4.9)、Vimentin(鼠抗豬單克隆抗體,克隆號:V9)、CD117(鼠抗人單克隆抗體,克隆號:YR145)、CD34(鼠抗人單克隆抗體,克隆號:QBEnd/10)、Desmin(鼠抗人單克隆抗體,克隆號:D33)、SMA(鼠抗人單克隆抗體,克隆號:HHF35)、AE1/AE3(鼠抗人單克隆抗體,克隆號:AE1/AE3)、Ki-67(鼠抗人單克隆抗體,克隆號:MIB-1)等免疫酶標記,試劑均為邁新公司產品,免疫組化方法為EnVision法,即在石蠟切片後經二甲苯脫蠟至水、蒸餾水衝洗、pH 7.2~7.4,PBS磷酸鹽緩衝液浸泡5 min,將2500 mL的pH 6.0檸檬酸鹽緩衝液(工作液)倒入不鏽鋼高壓鍋中加熱直到沸騰,切片放於不鏽鋼架上,置於鍋中,使切片全部沒於工作液內,蓋好鍋蓋,約加熱5~6 min後壓力鍋開始噴氣,計時2 min,然後停止加熱,外衝冷水降至室溫,打開鍋蓋,拿出切片,接著蒸餾水洗、pH 7.2~7.4 PBS磷酸鹽緩衝液衝洗5 min×3次,再滴加一抗0.25 mL,37℃保溫1.5 h或4℃過夜,後經pH 7.2~7.4 PBS磷酸鹽緩衝液衝洗5 min×3次、滴加生物素標記二抗(酶標羊抗小鼠/兔IgG聚合物)0.25 mL、再次pH 7.2~7.4 PBS磷酸鹽緩衝液衝洗5 min×3次、顯色劑顯色(DAB),3~5 min後,如顯色好則複染封片。