作為連詞時這兩個詞都表示“當……時候”的意思,但詞義和用法有所不同。
when既可用於表示較短時間的場合,一般指a point of time,有at the time that的意思,也可用於指一段時間的場合, 如when I was a child,…. 例:
When we reached the gate of the school,the students were lined up to wele us.
當我們到達校門時,學生們排好隊來歡迎我們。
She didn''t tell me that she was this year''s Hong Kong''s Outstandiiary Student when she was here.
她在這裏的時候並沒有告訴我關於她被選為今年的香港高等教育優等生。
It was a time when airplanes were rare.
那時是飛機還很少見的年月。
while隻用於表示較長時間的場合,它有during the time that或for as long as的意思。此外,while還可用於同類事物作對比的場合。例:
While the Rs were fag immi execution,they wrote a poignaer to their two children,aged 10 and 6.
當羅森堡夫婦在麵對即將執行的死刑時,他們寫了一封令人沉痛的信給他們的兩個孩子,一個10歲,一個6歲。
Work while you work, play while you play.
工作時工作,遊戲時遊戲。
在下麵一句中,while是表示兩種情況的對比:
I was dresd in blue while he was dresd in yellow.
我穿的是藍色衣服而他穿的是黃色的衣服。
值得注意的是,when除了表示“當……時候”之意外,還可在不同的場合下表示“每當”、“在……之後”、“隻要”、“雖然”、“既然”、“考慮到”、“一……就……”等意思。有關這些含義的用法,可查閱詳盡的辭典。這裏略舉兩例,以見一斑:
It is cold when it snows.
每逢下雪,天氣就冷。
How you vince him when he will not listen?
既然他不願聽,你又怎樣說服他呢?