Hills empty,no one to be seen We hear only voices echoed—With light coming back into the deep wood The top of the green moss is lit again.
譯詩評注:很不幸,Robinson 之譯詩已成王維此詩流傳最廣的版本。首先,譯詩憑空捏造了一位原詩沒有的“敘述者we”,且將其變做複數“我們”,成為“一群人”,感覺像是一家子在“郊遊”似的。由於we 的出現,原詩豐盈之意蘊已嚴重減損。另外,原詩最後一字“上”被譯者讀作top,這個意象於林地毫無意義,因為按照這樣的理解,要想把“青苔”作為垂直的物象看待,則觀者一定得有縮身術變得很小才行。至於韻律安排,譯詩則十分突兀,很不協調。
by Gary Snyder (1978)
Empty mountain:
_disibledevent=the trees through which the view is seen”,或可用此詞即差可迻譯王詩要旨。
【16】以下五首英文譯詩均取自Weinberger,Eliot.Nineteen Ways of Looking at Wang Wei—How a Chinese Poem isTranslated.Wakefield:Moyer Bell.1987.
【17】Weinberger,Eliot.Nineteen Ways of Looking at Wang Wei—How a Chinese Poem is Translated.Wakefield:Moyer Bell,1987:1.原文為:“Great poetry lives in a state of perpetual transformation,perpetual translation:the poem dies when it has no place to go.”
【18】Weinberger,Eliot.Nineteen Ways of Looking at Wang Wei—How a Chinese Poem is Translated.Wakefield:Moyer Bell.1987:27.原文為:“As a translator,he is less successful,perhaps because English is apparently his second language.”
【19】此即中國古典詩學所謂“活字”。參劉淇《助字辨略》(中華書局1954年本)和張相《詩詞曲語辭彙釋》(中華書局1977年本)。
【20】Weinberger,Eliot.Nineteen Ways of Looking at Wang Wei—How a Chinese Poem is Translated.Wakefield:Moyer Bell.1987:43.
【21】Bassnett Susan.&Andre Lefevere(eds).Translation,History and Culture.London:Pinter.1990.