第六章 不食周粟(1 / 2)

西漢時,

司馬遷著了部史書叫《史記》,

有一篇《伯夷列傳》很有趣。

講的是殷商時有個孤竹國,

那國君,年老臨終把遺囑立,

他想讓小兒子叔齊繼大位。

叔齊他年紀雖小卻懂道理,

他說是長兄伯夷該繼位,

這本是祖宗立下的老規矩。

伯夷說父命不可違,

反複再三讓叔齊。

兄弟二人互推讓,

誰也不願把位即。

兄弟倆,先後逃出王宮去,

隻好由另一個兄弟把王位繼。

時光倏忽幾十載,

伯夷叔齊又巧遇。

原來是西伯姬昌已去世,

兒子姬發把位繼,

姬發便是周武王,

弟兄倆決定投他去。

周武王看到商朝已衰落,

起兵征討不遲疑。

弟兄二人得知後,

攔住馬頭齊勸阻。

武王不聽緊催兵,

攻下商都周朝立。

哪知曉,伯夷叔齊不高興,

認為那殷紂再壞是天子。

周武王不過是個諸侯王,

臣子滅君是篡逆。

更何況武王還有不孝罪,

興兵之時父剛逝。

對待武王新政權,

伯夷叔齊不服氣,

死抱著君、臣、父、子舊倫理,

對新生事物瞧不起。

弟兄倆雙雙躲進首陽山,

每日裏,隻是野果野菜來充饑。

大周朝,粟米雖多偏不食,

兄弟倆,竟然活活被餓死。

臨終前,唱著一首自編的歌,

《采薇》便是詩歌題,

大意是:“登上西山采野菜,

君王殘暴不可取。

可惜啊,周武討伐商紂王,

以暴易暴惹人急。

暴臣以暴待暴君,

堯舜之世已遠去。

我們何處去安身?

不遇明君寧餓死。

不食周粟是我誌,

餓死自認命不濟。”

到後來,“以暴易暴”作成語,

常形容,殘暴勢力互代替。

伯夷叔齊恨姬發,

此恨絕對無道理。

不明事理太固執,

餓死實在不足惜。

“不食周粟”作成語,

竟轉為,形容做人有骨氣。

Refuse to Eat Zhou's Food

In the Western Han Dynasty(206B。C。—24A。D。),Sima Qian wrote an historical book entitled“Records of the Historian”,in which there was a very interesting story about Bo Yi。

It says that in the State of Guzhu in Yin-Shang Dynasty(1766—1122B。C。),the old king made a will before he died,and he would let his youngest son Shu Qi inherit the throne。Shu Qi,young as he was,was quite ritualistic。He said that his eldest brother,Bo Yi should have the throne,as it was the old rule passed down from their forefathers。

The two brothers bandied the offer with each other,and neither would take the legacy。The two brothers ran away from the palace,only to leave one of the other brothers to take the throne。

Time flew and decades went by。Bo Yi and Shu Qi met again。It happened that Xibo Jichang,the king had just died,and his son Jifa had inherited the throne。Jifa was none other than King Wu of Zhou Dynasty。