正文 降鈣素原在兒童社區獲得性肺炎中的診斷價值(2 / 3)

PCT是細菌感染的一項生物標誌,PCT在幫助區分CAP的病原體有重要輔助價值[22]。正常人體檢測不到PCT,在細菌感染後PCT水平升高,4 h開始,12~24 h可達到高峰,而且不受糖皮質激素治療的影響[23]。許多臨床研究發現在細菌感染後的CAP,PCT顯著升高,在病毒感染後PCT水平不升高或輕度升高。而且在抗生素有效治療後PCT可以下降,所以也將PCT作為CAP治療效果的一個評價指標[24,25]。國內的一項研究[26]是將60例重症肺炎患兒隨機分為PCT指導治療組及對照組各30例,選擇PCT>2 ng/mL作為細菌性和非細菌性的臨界值。PCT指導治療組根據PCT結果調整抗生素用藥,結果顯示PCT作為輔助指標對細菌性重症肺炎和非細菌性肺炎的鑒別相對於傳統的白細胞、C-反應蛋白檢測具有更高的靈敏性和特異性,而且使抗生素使用時間明顯縮短。

PCT在判斷CAP預後中有重要價值,還有些研究提示PCT對疾病預後的判斷價值優於它的診斷價值[27]。一些研究顯示將住院CAP患者的血清PCT水平分為四個水平:

0.5 ng/mL,其中  綜上所述,PCT在兒科感染性疾病,尤其是兒童社區獲得性肺炎的診斷上具有重要的臨床價值,這可能還需要更多高質量的臨床研究進一步證實。  [參考文獻]  [1] Berg P,Lindhardt B. The role of procalcitonin in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia-a systematic review[J]. Dan Med J,2012,59(3):A4357.  [2] Lippi G,Meschi T,Cervellin G. Inflammatory biomarkers for the diagnosis,monitoring and follow-up of community-acquired pneumonia:Clinical evidence and perspectives[J]. Eur J Intern Med,2011,22(5):460-465.  [3] 雷永革,曹巧林,譚秋梅. 降鈣素原在老年社區獲得性肺炎的臨床應用價值[J]. 臨床肺科雜誌,2014,19(5):831-833.  [4] Mahajan P,Grzybowski M,Chen X,et al. Procalcitonin as a marker of serious bacterial infections in febrile children younger than 3 years old[J]. Acad Emerg Med,2014,21(2):171-179.  [5] Lindstrom ST,Wong EK. Procalcitonin,a valuable biomarker assisting clinical decision-making in the management of community-acquired pneumonia[J]. Intern Med J,2014, 44(4):390-397.  [6] Tamura M,Watanabe M,Nakajima A,et al. 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