這一對詞在拚法和含義上頗近似,故很易混淆。
affect是動詞,作“影響”(to influence)和“假裝”(to feign)解。例如:
The climate has affected my health.
氣候影響了我的健康。
It does not affect him in the least.
這件事對他毫無影響。
She affected not to hear me at all.
她假裝一點也沒聽見我的話。
effect既可作動詞,也可作名詞。用作動詞時,其意為“完成”(to aplish)、“產生”(to produce)和“執行”(to carry out)。用作名詞時,其意為“結果”(result)、“結局”(oute)和“後果”(quence)。例如:
During the past decades a has effected many reforms.
在過去幾十年中,中國實行了許多改革。
The military strategists have assd the cau and effect of the Gulf War.
軍事戰略家評估了海灣戰爭的因果。
在下麵一句中,我們既可用affect,也可以用effect,但含義有所不同:
A single glass of brandy may affect(or effect)his recovery.
用affect時,表示“alter for better or wor the prospect of his recovery”之意;如用effect,則表示“bring about his health”(使之恢複健康)的意思。
affect的分詞形容詞是affected,名詞是affectation和affe,含義及用法分別很大。
effect的派生形容詞有effective和effectual.
現將這五個詞各舉一例,以便區別:
I don''t like his affected manners.
我不喜歡他那種矯揉造作的態度。
His duct has a tinge of affectation.
他的行為有一種矯揉造作的色彩。
We have a deep affe for our motherland.
我們熱愛祖國。
Effective measures were at oaken to overe transport difficulties.
立刻采取了有效的措施來克服運輸方麵的困難。
Our policy is corred effectual.
我們的方針是正確而有效的。