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讀了《中國反貪通史》，餘有三歎焉。
一
一歎：貪官汙吏何其多也。
貪汙是腐敗的核心，也是其主要表現形式。我國以曆史悠久，屹立於世界民族之林。無奈的是，我國貪汙犯的資格之老，在全世界有文字記載的曆史中，也是數一數二的。夏、商、西周，號稱“三代”，建立在廣大奴隸血淚、枯骨之上的家天下政權，就其國家機器的完備來說，一代強似一代。但是，遠在夏朝末年，貪賄風氣已很嚴重。據《荀子·大略》記載，當時成湯求雨的禱詞中，提問六件失政之事，三項便是貪賄問題。這是他鑒於夏朝驕奢淫逸、橫征暴斂導致滅亡的教訓，而有所儆惕的表現。可是，到了商末，惡名昭著的帝辛——也就是殷紂王，大肆聚斂，奸佞費仲、惡來都是大貪汙犯。文王被囚於羑裏監獄時，周人正是通過費仲，向紂王賄賂珍寶、美女、良馬，紂王大悅，釋放了文王。放虎歸山的結果，最終導致殷商王朝的崩潰。與其相類似的是，春秋時，吳國太宰噽受賄亡國，其教訓也是廣為人知的。被吳國打得“敗鱗殘甲滿天飛”、岌岌乎殆哉的越國，“飾美女八人，納之太宰噽。”並進而煽情說：“你若肯幫助，還有更美於此者。”幫助什麼？求和也。太宰噽貪汙了八位美女，並指望笑納“更上一層樓”的越國漂亮姐，便鼓其如簧之舌，說服吳王夫差許越求和，從而吞下了致命的苦果：養虎遺患，越興吳滅。